中考英语语法讲解第十二讲—句子的种类（一）

　　第12讲：句子种类（一）

　　我们都知道，根据句子的使用目的，句子可分为陈述句，疑问句，祈使句，感叹句。疑问句是常考的重点，也是要掌握的难点，这里我们先重点讲一下.

　　疑问句中我们只讲一讲难掌握的反意疑问句和特殊疑问句.

　　反意疑问句: 在陈述句之后附上一个简短问句，对陈述句所叙述的事实提出相反的疑问,这种疑问句叫做反意疑问句. 如前面陈述句部分是肯定式，后面问句部分一般用是否定式；如前一部分是否定式，后一部分一般用肯定式.前后两部分在人称，数及时态上通常保持一致. 如：You are a student，aren't you?(你是学生，对吗?)

　　在祈使句后面用反意疑问句，要注意人称的变化。  如：Go to the cinema，will you?

　　在省略的感叹句后面，要注意主语的单复数。　如：What fine weather，isn't it?

　　陈述句部分的主语如是I，疑问部分要用 aren't I.　 如: I'm as tall as your sister，aren't I?

　　陈述部分用never，hardly，few，nothing,nobody,few,seldom,hardly,little　等否定含义的词时，疑问部分用肯定含义. 如: He seldom came here,did he?

　　陈述句部分的谓语是used to时，疑问部分用didn't+主语或usedn't +主语.　如: He used to go to school at seven, didn't he? / usedn't he?

　　陈述部分有had better + v. 疑问句部分用hadn't you?　 如: You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you?

　　陈述部分有You'd like to +v.疑问部分用wouldn't+主语. 如：You'd like to go with me, wouldn't you?

　　主语是everyone， someone，anyone，no one等不定代词时，多用they 指代.　如：Everyone is here，aren't they?(所有的人都来了吗?)

　　主语是everything，something，anthing，nothing时，用it 指代。省去主语的祈使句的反意疑问句，疑问部分用will you。如: Don't do that again, will you? 注意 Let's 开头的祈使句，后用shall we? Let us 开头的祈使句，后用will you?

　　陈述部分是"there be"结构的，疑问部分用there省略主语代词。如: There is something wrong with your watch, isn't there?

　　特殊疑问句: 注意疑问词 how many how much , how often , how old, how long, what, what time, what day , what colour, which , when , who, whose等疑问词的用法。

　　练习：

　　1. Don't forget to give the baby some food ,______?

　　A. will you?

　　B. shall we

　　C. won't you

　　D. do you

　　2. You have met before, _______?

　　A. haven't you

　　B. have you

　　C. do you

　　D. don't you

　　3. She has never read the book before, _______?

　　A. has she

　　B. hasn't she

　　C. is she

　　D. isn't she

　　4. Mike has to finish her work now, _______?

　　A. has he

　　B. hasn't he

　　C. does he

　　D. doesn't he

　　5. --"Don't smoke in the dining-hall, will you?"

　　-- "_________."

　　A. Yes, I agree

　　B. Yes, of course,

　　C. Yes, I don't think so

　　D. What's wrong

　　6. --______ did you stay in Urumqi last summer?

　　--For two weeks.

　　A. How often

　　B. How

　　C. How long

　　D. How many times

　　7. He nearly hurt himself in the accident, _______?

　　A. doesn't he

　　B. didn't he

　　C. did he

　　D. does he

　　8. --_______ will your aunt be back from work?

　　--In an hour.

　　A. How soon

　　B. How often

　　C. How long

　　D. What time

　　9. The old man had to do the farm work himself, ________?

　　A. did he

　　B. didn't he

　　C. had he

　　D. weren't he

　　10. --"________ do they have a meeting?"

　　--"Every two weeks."

　　A. How long

　　B. How often

　　C. When

　　D. What time

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