2010英语中考备考动词专题(4)

 　　I spent two hours in doing my homework. I paid five dallars for the book.而cost与take的主语则是事物，如：It takes me two years to finish this book.

　　 ［误］ In summer I always sleep with the windows opened.

　　 ［正］ In summer I always sleep with the windows open.

　　 ［正］ I always sleep with the windows closed.

　　 ［析］ 要注意open是动词也是形容词，而close则要用其过去分词作形容词。?

　　［误］ Please wait a minute. I'm having on my clothes.

　　 ［正］ Please wait a minute. I'm putting on my clothes.

　　 ［析］ 英语中的穿衣服要分状态，是什么样的穿着打扮，还是穿衣服的动作两类动词。表示穿着状态的词有have on, wear,在用法上have on不宜用进行时态，它多用一般时态，如：She has on a new school dress. 而wear则多用进行时来表示状态，如：She is wearing a new sweater.在表示动作的词中put on是常用的一词。dress用作动词当"穿衣"讲时其后宾语不应接衣物，而要接人，如：My children were very young they couldn't dress themselves.在表示穿着状态时用其过去分词当形容词，如：He is dressed in white.

　　 ［误］ My computer can't begin. Could you find someone to help me?

　　 ［正］ My computer can't start. Could you find someone to help me?

　　 ［析］ begin与start均可指"开始"，而且常常可以互换，如：School begins (starts) at 8 a. m. 但是在两种情况下不宜用begin 而要用start, ① 当作机器开动、发动讲，如：My car can't start. There must be something wrong with it.② 作为"旅途开始"讲，如：We should have to start early. There was a lot of traffic on the road.

　　 ［误］ I'm very glad because I have founded my lost key.

　　 ［正］ I'm very glad because I have found my lost key.

　　 ［析］ find是不规则动词，它的过去式和过去分词是found, found，而found又是另外一词"建立"，它是规则动词，其过去式与过去分词是founded founded, 如：The People's Republic of China was founded in 1949.

　　 ［误］ Please. Let's speak in English.

　　 ［正］ Please. Let's speak English.

　　 ［正］ Please. Let's talk in English.

　　 ［误］ Can you speak it English?

　　 ［正］ Can you say it in English?

　　 ［析］ 英文中"说"有4个常用词say, tell, speak, talk.其中不及物动词有speak和talk，如：I want to talk with you.We are talking about the new film.而speak其后接语言时是及物动词，其他情况是不及物动词。say 与tell是及物动词，其中tell常用双宾语，如：Tell us a story.但用于讲实话或谎话时也用单宾语。如： Tell the truth.

　　 ［误］ Can you say Japanese from Chinese?

　　 ［正］ Can you tell Japanese from Chinese?

　　［析］ tell…from为固定词组，即分辨两者的不同。

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