2010英语中考备考动词专题(6)

　　如：I was washing clothes from eight till noon last Sunday?

　　 ［误］ My classmates came to see a film yesterday. I didn't go with them, because I have seen it before.

　　 ［正］ My classmates came to see a film yesterday. I didn't go with them because I had seen it before.

　　 ［析］ 现在完成时与过去完成时的相同之处是其动作均开始于过去的某一点，它的差别在于该动作是截止到什么时候。如动作截止到现在用现在完成时；如动作截止到过去，用过去完成时。例如：I've learnt English for three years.(到现在为止)又如：Before I went to college, I had learnt English for three years. (动作截止到上大学那时，即截止于过去)

　　 ［误］ I'm feeling well now.

　　 ［正］ I feel well now.

　　 ［析］ 瞬间动词有些无进行时态，它们是：?表示思维状态的词：believe, feel, forget, imagine, know, mean, need, prefer, remember, understand, want? 表示感情的动词：care, like, do like, love, mind, hate, fear? 表示状态的词：belong, own? 感观动词： feel, hear, see， smell, taste

　　 ［误］ When have you done this work?

　　 ［正］ When did you do this work?

　　 ［析］ when提问的是一个时间点不可用于完成时态的问句中。

　　 ［误］ This is our new English teacher. He has gone to many foreign countries.

　　 ［正］ This is our new English teacher. He has been to many foreign countries.

　　［析］ have gone to 是到某地去了，此人现在不在这里。have been to 是到过某地，现在此人在说话现场。

　　 ［误］ I have borrowed this book for two weeks.

　　 ［正］ I have kept this book for two weeks.

　　 ［析］ 截止性动词有完成时态，但不可和与表达一段时间的时间状语连用。如：When I got to the cinema the film had begun.? 但要讲When I got to the cinema the film had be on for five minutes 这样的用法还有buy, join, die, 如：I bought this book yesterday.我昨天买的这本书。? I have had this book for two days. 这本书我已买了两天了。

　　 I joined the club two years ago.两年前我加入了这个俱乐部。

　　 I have been in this club for two years. 我加入这个俱乐部已两年了。

　　 My father died five years ago. 我父亲是5年前去世的。

　　 My father has been dead for five years. 我父亲已去世5年了。

　　 ［误］ Have you understood the lessons?

　　 ［正］ Do you understand the lessons?

　　 ［析］ 有些动词不易用完成时态，它们是understand, think, believe, know (知道)

　　 ［误］ It was said that the Second World War had broken out in 1939.

　　 ［误］ It was said that the Second World War was broken out in 1939.

　　 ［析］ 在讲述过去的历史事件时，总要用过去时而不要用完成时，而且happen, break out, take place作为发生讲时均没有被动语态。

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