2010英语中考备考动词专题(7)

　　［误］ When I walked along the street. I happened to meet an old friend.

　　 ［正］ When I was walking along the street I happened to meet an old friend.

　　 ［析］ 在一个长动作发生或进行的过程中，某一突然事件发生，这时长动作应用进行时(现在进行时或过去进行时)，而突发性动作用一般时(一般现在时或一般过去时)，如：When my father is reading a newspaper the telephone rings.

　　 ［误］ Please buy a book for me.

　　 ［正］ Please buy me a book.

　　 ［正］ Please buy a book to me.

　　 ［析］ 在接双宾语的动词后面的两个宾语，一个是直接宾语，一个是间接宾语，如：Buy me a book中me是间接宾语，而a book是直接宾语。如果将直接宾语前置，其后应加to，如： Tell me a story. Tell a story to me. Give me a book. Give a book to me.

　　 ［误］ He was seen come into the book store.

　　 ［正］ He was seen to come into the book store.

　　 ［析］ 在主动语态中，有时可以加不带to的不定式作宾语，如：I saw him come into the book store.但如果变为被动语态时，则要将省略的to还原。当然这些动词还可以加动名词作宾语，如： I saw him coming into the book store, 如变为被动语态时，则没有变化。如：He was seen coming into the book store.

　　 ［误］ How nice the book is! Is it sold well?

　　 ［正］ How nice the book is! Does it sell well?

　　［析］ 有些动词可以表示一种动作，但也可以用来表示某种性质，表示动作时可用被动语态，在表示性质时则不可用被动语态。如：

　　 This book sells well. 这本书畅销。

　　 This car drives easily. 这车容易驾驶。

　　 These clothes wash easily. 这些衣服好洗。

　　 在作上述表达时，不要用被动语态。而要讲：

　　 This kind of book was sold out. (这种书卖完了)

　　These clothes were washed by the washing machine. 这时要用被动语态，因为它描述的是具体动作。

　　 ［误］ Must I do it now??

　　No. you mustn't.

　　 ［正］ Must I do it now?? No, you needn't.

　　 ［析］ need用在疑问句和否定句中常用作情态动词，其后接不带to的不定式。由must提问的问句作答语时，如是肯定的要用must,否定的要用needn't，即为没有必要。在肯定句中常用作实意动词，如：I need to wait for my boy.

　　 ［误］ Is this book yours?

　　 Yes, It's.

　　 ［正］ Is this book yours??

　　Yes, It is.

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